Yoga Anatomy Physiology and Bio-mechanics question answer
1. Why yoga student should know about “anatomy” Understanding yoga anatomy is crucial for all yoga students because it will increase the effectiveness of the asanas and knowledge to protect from creating injuries and also be better prepared to deal with any existing injuries safely and effectively. 2. Why yoga student should know about “Physiology” Through the study of anatomy in yoga teacher training, you will acquire a deep understanding of the execution and alignment of asanas. An awareness in yoga anatomy and physiology will add credibility to your teaching and will be very helpful to your prospective yoga students. 3. How many ‘planes’ are their in human body. There are the 3 planes of motion/movement in the body. The three planes in human body are the sagittal, coronal (or frontal) and transverse planes 4. How many lobes are their in right lungs? The right lung consists of three lobes: the right upper lobe (RUL), the right middle lobe (RML), and the right lower lobe (RLL) 5. Function of diaphragm in respiration. Upon inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and flattens and the chest cavity enlarges. This contraction creates a vacuum, which pulls air into the lungs. Upon exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes and returns to its domelike shape, and air is forced out of the lungs. 6. List out yogic practices to overcome Shallow breathing. Practices such as Sun salutation, asanas (e.g., bridge pose, …), pranayama (Nadi shodana, kapalabati), conscious effort and mindfulness practices can help to overcome shallow breathing. 7. Why we have to do deep breathing, during hatha yoga practices. The deep, intentional breathing which accompanies the poses removes energetic blockages and serves to purify the body, increasing prana flow. Deep breathing during hatha yoga can help rid the lungs of accumulated stale air, increase oxygen levels and get the diaphragm to return to its job of helping you breathe. 8. Define Hypoventilation, how you will manage by hatha yoga practices. Hypoventilation is breathing that is too shallow or too slow to meet the needs of the body. If a person hypoventilates, the body’s carbon dioxide level rises. This causes a buildup of acid and too little oxygen in the blood. A person with hypoventilation might feel sleepy. The kind of breathing generally practiced in most hatha yoga classes is called Ujjayi breathing, which loosely translates as “victory” breathing. This is not to say that the quality of the breath should be aggressive, but rather that there is a steadiness, resonance, and depth to it. 9. What is the breathing pattern we should adopt for forward bending asana? Exhale when forward bending during asana practice. 10. What is the breathing pattern we should adopt for backward bending asana? Inhale when backward bending asana 11. What is the breathing pattern we should adopt for lateral bending asana? Exhale when moving into side bends. 12. What is the breathing pattern we should adopt for twisting asana? Exhale when twisting asana 13. What is the breathing pattern we should adopt for arm balancing asana? Most of the arm balancing asanas adopt, exhaling breathing pattern. 14. What is the breathing pattern we should adopt for axial extension asana? Exhale for axial extension asanas 15. Why we should breathe. Breathing not only provide your body with necessary oxygen, but it also removes the waste like carbon dioxide. To get rid of carbon dioxide, your blood delivers it to the capillaries surrounding your alveoli. In the alveoli, the carbon dioxide moves into the lungs, where it leaves the body when you exhale. 16. Why we should breathe in nose, why not in mouth. Nose breathing is more beneficial than mouth breathing. Breathing through your nose can help filter out dust and allergens, boost your oxygen uptake, and humidify the air you breathe in. Mouth breathing, on the other hand, can dry out your mouth. This may increase your risk of bad breath and gum inflammation. 17. Write the general benefits of hatha yoga practices on respiratory system. Practice of hatha yoga which is a combination of asanas (physical postures) and Pranayama (Yogic breathing exercises) provides a sense of equilibrium to the body, mind and soul and is vital for the smooth functioning of the respiratory system. 18. How muscles are communicating towards brain. The motor neurons release a chemical, which is picked up by the muscle fibre. This tells the muscle fibre to contract, which makes the muscles move. Neurons carry messages from the brain via the spinal cord. These messages are carried to the muscles which tell the muscle fibre to contract, which makes the muscles move. 19. Explain about slow twitch muscle fiber (type -1), with respective hatha yoga style. A type of muscle fibre associated with aerobic work. It produces a small force over a long period of time: high resistance to fatigue. It is suited to endurance-based activities, e.g., marathon running. Example, traditional hatha yoga (Sivananda & Iyengar) 20. Explain about Fast twitch muscle fiber (type -2), with hatha yoga practices. These are designed for anaerobic exercise and produces large amount of force in a very short time, as they fatigue easily. Performers in power events tend to have a high percentage of fast twitch muscle fibres. Example, Vinyasa 21. Explain Aerobic hatha yoga Aerobic yoga is a style of yoga in which the asanas — yoga postures — are sequenced together much faster than they ordinarily would be, in order to get the heart pumping and offer cardiovascular benefits. This takes place with oxygen where carbohydrate and oxygen are used as fuel for the first two minutes after which fat is burned. These are lower intensity activities. Dynamic sequences of Sun Salutation can be regarded as aerobic exercises. 22. Explain anaerobic hatha yoga. Anaerobic is performed in the absence of oxygen (It uses carbohydrate and minimal oxygen) at a maximal intensity that can only be sustained for a short period of time due to the build-up of lactic acid, e.g. sprinting. This happens without oxygen, fuel comes from muscle storage and is short, highly intense and burns fat
Anatomical directional terminology
Anatomical directional terminology Define the directional term “superior” Towards the head or top, eg. Head Define the directional term “cranial” Cranial refers to the skull Define the directional term “posterior or dorsal” Refers to behind or back of the body eg. Shoulder blades Lateral Refers to away from the midline of the body or towards the side of the body. Eg. The thumb Proximal Refers to the nearest to the trunk or the point of attachment. Distal Refers to away from the trunk or away from point of attachment. The coronal plane divides the body into anterior and posterior. Movements along this plane are called adduction (towards the midline) and abduction (away from the midline) The sagittal plane divides the body into right and left. Movements along this plane are called flexion (moving forward except for the knee) and extension (moving the extremity backward). The transverse plane divides the body into upper and lower halves. Movements along this plane is called rotations. Medial/ internal rotations are towards the midline or lateral/ external rotations are away from the midline. 9. Medial plane is the plane when the sagittal plane cuts the body into two equal halves and passes through the midline. 10. How many body cavities in the human body? The cavities are the fluid-filled spaces in the human body that hold and protect the internal organs, or viscera. The human body is primarily divided into two body cavities: the ventral and dorsal cavities. The ventral cavity is the larger cavity and is divided into thoracic and Abdominopelvic cavities. The upper ventral cavity is called the thoracic cavity, it fills the chest and is divided into the pleural cavity that holds the lungs and the pericardial cavity that holds the heart. The abdominopelvic cavity fills the lower half of the trunk and is divided into an abdominal cavity that holds the digestive organs (GIT) and kidneys and the pelvic cavity contains reproductive and excretory organs. The dorsal cavity is at the posterior or back side of the body. It includes both the head and back of the trunk. It is divided into cranial and spinal cavities. The cranial cavity holds the upper part of the skull and contains the brain. The spinal/ vertebral cavity is a long narrow cavity that runs inside the vertebral column and contains the spinal cord.
hamstring muscles.
Hamstring muscles are in the back of the thigh, starting at the hip and inserting to the knee. The three hamstring muscles are: Biceps femoris, closest to the outside of your body. The function of this hamstring is to flex your knee, extend the thigh at your hip and rotate your lower leg from side-to-side when your knee is bent. Semimembranosus, closest to the middle of your body. This hamstring flexes your knee joint, extends your thigh at your hip and offers medial rotation for your hip and lower leg. Semitendinosus, between the semimembranosus and the biceps femoris. The function of this hamstring matches that of the semimembranosus.
vital capacity
Vital capacity (VC) is the maximum amount of air a person can inhale after a maximum exhalation. It is equal to the sum of inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and expiratory reserve volume.
Importance of pleura during respiration
The pleura fluid itself has a slightly adhesive quality that helps draw the lungs outward during inhalation rather than slipping round in the chest cavity. In addition, pleural fluid creates surface tension that helps maintain the position of the lungs against the chest wall.
Gaseous Exchange
The transfer of gases between an organism and the external environment in either direction. It occurs by diffusion across a concentration gradient and includes the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in respiration and photosynthesis. Successful gaseous exchange requires a large surface area, as is provided by the alveoli of the lungs and the leaves of plants.
major skeletal muscles.
major skeletal muscles. Coracobrachialis Biceps brachii Quadriceps femoris Triceps brachii Anconeus Pronator teres Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Thyroarytenoid Rotatores
How many lobes are their in right lungs?
The right lung consists of three lobes: the right upper lobe (RUL), the right middle lobe (RML), and the right lower lobe (RLL)
How many ‘planes’ are their in human body
There are the 3 planes of motion/movement in the body. The three planes in the human body are the sagittal, coronal (or frontal), and transverse planes.
Why yoga student should know about “ human Physiology”
Through the study of anatomy in yoga teacher training, you will acquire a deep understanding of the execution and alignment of asanas. An awareness in yoga anatomy and physiology will add credibility to your teaching and will be very helpful to your prospective yoga students.