Structure
The knee is a modified hinge joint combining mobility and stability. It primarily bends and straightens but also allows slight rotation.
Bones
- Femur
- Tibia
- Patella
Key Structures
- Menisci
- Ligaments
- Capsule
Ligaments
- ACL
- PCL
- MCL
- LCL
Menisci
Shock absorbers that distribute force.
Muscles
- Quadriceps
- Hamstrings
- Gastrocnemius
- Popliteus
Movements
- Flexion/Extension
- Small rotation when flexed
Functional Considerations
The knee relies heavily on surrounding muscles and alignment. Poor hip or ankle mechanics often stress the knee.
Common Injuries
- ACL tears
- Meniscus injuries
- Patellar tracking issues
Movement Insight
Knee health depends on strong hips and stable feet. Alignment of hip-knee-ankle is critical.