Disorders of blood vessels
Disorders of blood vessels: Arteriosclerosis: Arteriosclerosis is the thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries. This process gradually restricts the blood flow to one’s organs and tissues. Atherosclerosis: it’s a thickening of arterial walls due to the deposition of fat and white blood cells). An aneurysm: it’s a local abnormal dilation […]
Properties of skeletal muscle
Properties of skeletal muscle: Excitability and irritability: It’s the property of a muscle to respond to a stimulus. If the response occurs in the front of a contraction. It’s called as contractility. Tonicity: Muscles of a living organism are in the partially contracted state, even at rest. They are never fully relaxed and they will […]
Joint Disorders
Joint Disorders Arthritis – inflammation of a joint. Characterized by pain, stiffness, and swelling. Over time, the joint can become severely damaged. Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis. It’s often related to aging or to an injury. Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common form of this kind of Autoimmune arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis happens […]
Cardiac Cycle
The Cardiac cycle: the function of the heart is to maintain a constant circulation of blood throughout the body. It acts as a pump to maintains a constant circulation of blood throughout the body. It’s achieved as follows: The functions of the cardiovascular system are to provide the tissues of the body with oxygen […]
Somatic Nervous System
Somatic Nervous System The somatic system is the part of the peripheral nervous system that is responsible for carrying motor and sensory information both to and from the central nervous system. This system is made up of nerves that connect to the skin, sensory organs, and all skeletal muscles. The system is responsible for nearly […]
Skeletal System
Skeletal system The human skeleton is made up of 206 bones making the human body a multifunctional structure. The skeletal system is composed of Bones, Joints, Cartilage, Tendons, and Ligaments. Human infants are born with about 270 bones, most of which ossifies as they grow up. The skeletons of adult males and females have some […]
Respiratory System
Respiratory system The Human Respiratory System is a series of organs which facilitates the diffusion of oxygen into the bloodstream and distributes throughout the body and receives carbon dioxide from the blood and removes the process of exhalation. The primary organs of the respiratory system are lungs, which carry out this exchange of gases as […]
Physiology of Muscle contraction
Physiology of Muscle contraction: Muscles contract to produce force, the actin and myosin filaments within the sarcomeres of muscle fibers bind to create cross-bridges and slide past one another, creating a contraction. The events of muscle contraction: During a normal resting state of a muscle, the muscle membrane is in a polarized state, this occurs […]
Disorders of blood pressure
Disorders of blood pressure Hypertension’s Hypertension is a rise in blood pressure above normal. It’s difficult to define the average normal blood pressure. It varies from one age group to other. The blood pressure in an adult may be 120/80. Hypertension has a strong relation with life style regardless of gender and socio-economic status. The […]
Neuromuscular junction (Myoneural junction)
Neuromuscular junction (Myoneural junction) A neuromuscular junction is a synapse between a motor neuron and skeletal muscle. The space between the motor neuron and the skeletal muscle cell is simply referred to as a synapse. Synaptic transmission includes all the events within the synapse leading to excitation of the muscle. At this site, the nerve […]